Critique on Plato’s Apology of Socrates Essay Essays

Does Money Buy Happiness - How to Write an Essay on The Same Thing That Does!

Does Money Buy Happiness - How to Write an Essay on The Same Thing That Does!This is an essay that talks about happiness. It is not a typical essay for college or university, and it does not give a comprehensive list of things that can help you become happier. It is not supposed to be a how-to guide.However, this article was written for people who want to write a good essay on the topic of happiness. You know, the kind of paper that helps them get accepted into their college or university. They're going to need it. But why?Well, it could help people who are looking to start their own business. So if you're thinking about starting your own business, then you might want to read this essay for the answer to a question that I believe the majority of people have at one time or another.'Does money buy happiness?' What is the answer to this question? Well, if you don't mind reading this short essay, then you should be able to answer this question.If you really think about it, there really i s no way that money buys happiness. Well, if you think about it, then you're going to find that the answer is 'no'.There is really no comparison between spending your hard earned money and having happiness. The only difference between these two things is that money buys you happiness. Happiness doesn't.In order to get rid of the idea that money buys happiness, you need to understand the fact that happiness is something that you create. You can get rid of the idea that happiness is something that you have because you have it or because you spent money on it.After you learn to see the reality of the situation, you'll begin to see that happiness is created through creating it. When you begin to look around and realize that money does not really buy happiness, then you can begin to focus on creating your own happiness. What would you like to create?

What Gets Discharged During Bankruptcy (And What Doesnt)

What Gets Discharged During Bankruptcy (And What Doesnt) What Gets Discharged During Bankruptcy? (And What Doesnt?) What Gets Discharged During Bankruptcy? (And What Doesnt?)If youre filing for bankruptcy, you shouldnt expect that all your debts are going to vanish overnight. Some debts cant be discharged through bankruptcy, period.Bankruptcy. It’s the way you lose in Monopoly, so there’s no way it’s good, right?Well, it’s certainly not anyone’s number one choice, but it’s a legal process that was created to help those who have entered a totally unmanageable financial situation. It allows an individual or company to get rid of their debts and get a fresh start.(If youre a senior citizen filing for bankruptcy, a fresh start doesnt sound so great, we know. Thats why the looming bankruptcy crisis threatening Americas seniors is especially worrying.)But not all debts can be magically scrubbed away by bankruptcy. And it’s hard to imagine something more frustrating than going through the process of bankruptcy and all of the difficulty that comes with it only to find that your most troubles ome debts didn’t even go away.So what goes and what stays? And how exactly does bankruptcy work, anyway? Well, it depends what kind! Chapter 7 means liquidating your assets.This is the kind of bankruptcy you probably imagine when you think of “bankruptcy.” It’s when you tell a court that you are unable to pay your debts and then you don’t have to! How great is that?Well, there’s a pretty big catch. Whatever assets you do have will be liquidated (financially, not by one of the laser guns that are issued to every bankruptcy attorney) and used to pay off as much of your debts as possible.And there’s one more catch. Not ALL of your debts will necessarily go away.“Child support and alimony can never be discharged in bankruptcy whether you file Chapter 7 or Chapter 13,” warned David Reischer, Esq., CEO of LegalAdvice.com. “Certain fines, judgments, and taxes owed to the government can never be discharged in bankruptcy either. Student loans may be able to be discharged in bankruptcy if a person is able to convince the court a hardship exception applies.”(Wait, what is this “Chapter 13?” Don’t worry, we’ll get to it. Consider that foreshadowing. Oh, and  if you want to learn about why getting a hardship exception for student loans is incredibly difficult, check out our post, You Can Discharge Student Loans in Bankruptcy … But Good Luck.)What debts cant be discharged in Chapter 7?In the meantime, here’s Linda Worton Jackson, experienced bankruptcy attorney and partner at Pardo Jackson Gainsburg, with some additional details and scenarios to keep an eye out for:“In a personal Chapter 7 bankruptcy, the Bankruptcy Code provides that all claims that arose before the filing of the bankruptcy petition be discharged, other than certain types of claims that are listed in the Bankruptcy Code. The discharge of the debt is the elimination of the debt, so it is the most important issue for most debtors. But, there are exceptions that are based o n timing and on the type of debt. For example, if you filed for bankruptcy on January 1, and then you run over someone’s bicycle with your car on January 2, the claims against you by the owner of the bike are not discharged. But, if you had the accident on December 31, the day before the filing, it would be discharged. So, timing is key.“But, even if the claim arose before the filing, it may not be discharged if it falls into the list of exceptions. The most notable exceptions are student loan debt, certain taxes, domestic support obligations, and certain credit card debt. There are also debts excepted from discharge based on the circumstances surrounding the claim. So, for example, most loans are dischargeable. But, if the loan was obtained by false pretenses or false financial information, then it will not be discharged. In fact, most fraud-related claims do not get discharged. And, most people don’t realize that any creditor can object to the discharge of their debt and in some cases, they will prevail.“In addition, if you fail to list a creditor on the court filings or fail to provide notice to a creditor, that creditor’s claim will pass right through the bankruptcy proceeding and remain a debt. A Chapter 7 bankruptcy can be a great tool for someone with mounting debt, but the dischargeability issue is tricky. So before you jump into a bankruptcy to eliminate debt, talk to an attorney to make sure that the debt you are concerned about will be eliminated.”But all of that is just about Chapter 7.Chapter 13 means restructuring your debts.Chapter 13, the other common kind of personal bankruptcy, is a much more involved process.“Chapter 13 allows consumers to keep valuable assets, such as their home. Chapter 13 helps consumers come up with a repayment plan to creditors, usually through a trustee, over a period of up to five years,” explained financial coach Sulaih Picorelli.So when it comes to Chapter 13, the debts that go away depend on the pla n that you and your creditors work out with the court. You won’t be getting rid of large portions of your debts like you would with Chapter 7, but you’ll be able to keep some of your assets and you won’t be surprised when some debts hanging around that you thought were going away.Chapter 11 doesnt really apply here.This is like Chapter 13 but for businesses. You probably won’t be considering this kind of bankruptcy unless, like Jay-Z, you’re a business, man.Hopefully, this gave you a basic understanding of what kind of debts are discharged and which aren’t if you declare bankruptcy. But, as Jackson said, you should still consult with a lawyer so you can know for certain.Here on the OppLoans Financial Sense blog, we frequently write about how people can manage their debt. One great tip we offer is to stay away from predatory  no credit check loans like  payday loans,  cash advances, and title loans. Still, theres a lot more to debt than choosing the right  bad credit loa n.  To learn more, check out these related posts from OppLoans:What’s the Best Way to Tackle Student Loan Debt?Can You Flee Your Debt by Fleeing the Country?What to Do When You Have Too Much Medical DebtFinancial Priorities: Which Debts Should You Pay Off First?What other questions do you have about debt? We want to hear from you! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.ContributorsSulaih Picorelli is a Financial Coach and began The Money Farmer to empower individuals to take control of their personal finances. To learn more about her practice follow her on Instagram. and Facebook.David Reischer  (@LegalAdvice)  is a commercial litigation attorney with specialization in bankruptcy, real estate, business law,  and bankruptcy. He is also a zealous advocate for online legal information services offered over the Internet. David Reischer is a 2000 law graduate from Brooklyn Law School with a Masters in Business from Zicklin School of BusineLinda Worton Jackson is a partner with the Miami-based law firm  Pardo Jackson Gainsburg. She has more than 25 years of experience representing lenders, debtors, committees, creditors and purchasers. Linda has tackled all phases of bankruptcy litigation and Chapter 11 and 7 bankruptcy proceedings in cases all over the country.

Roles Of Women During History - 903 Words

Women throughout history have made great strides in gender equality. Unfortunately, there is still a long way to go. Career choices should be just that; a choice, not exclusion solely based upon gender. Joining the armed services for most is about service to your country, honor, and pride: For women this also includes limitations. Is it fair to limit what is accepted from women in terms of what roles they are allowed to serve in? Excluding women from serving in certain combat units sends a message of inequality and discrimination in a country that stands for a nation of equality. Women should be allowed to thrive in any position they choose when they meet the qualifications and training standards, even in combat units. Roles of Women in The Military The ban on women serving in combat positions was lifted in January of 2013, which opened seventy eight percent of all military positions to women (Bumiller, Shanker, 2013). Positions that are still closed based upon gender are Navy Seals, Army’s Delta Force, and most infantry positions (Press, 2015). The armed services were supposed to open all positions to women by January 2016: this was mandated by congress. Unfortunately as the mandate is closing in this issue is still being fought on all fronts. Legally this should be a non-issue as discrimination is illegal. The armed services were radically changed during World War II with the addition of over 400,000 women being integrated into non-combat roles inShow MoreRelatedThe Role Of Women During History Throughout The 20th Century1825 Words   |  8 PagesThe role of women in history has changed dramatically over time, especially in the past century. Most of the time, she is presented as a victim of society, helpless and hopeless. Blamed and accused of being the root of all the problems. She is often sidelined because of being a confused being, not knowing what she wants and at the same time, she is the center of attention and the subject of man’s fantasy (the male gaze). History is full of evidence and stories of violence against women, who are subjectRead MoreWomen s Role During Society Has Changed Dramatically Throughout History1350 Words   |  6 Pages Women in H​amlet Women’s role in society has changed significantly throughout history. For the most part, women have been treated as second ­class citizens in comparison to men. It was not until 1920 that women were allowed to vote in the United States, and many controversies carry on today regarding women’s rights. Similarly, women in the works of William Shakespeare were usually placed in secondary roles. In Shakespeare’s H​amlet, w​omen are represented by just two characters: Gertrude and OpheliaRead MoreRevolutionary Mothers : Women During The Struggle For America s Independence By Carol Berkin1612 Words   |  7 PagesRevolutionary Mothers: Women in the struggle for America’s independence by Carol Berkin. This comprised of details on women who had been involved in struggling to fulfill the independence of America. Women played their role at facing or creating impact towards the war. This outlines on myriad of women,s lives as well as getting to know the obstacles that they encountered during the war. This aids in bringing out the idea that not o nly men who played vital roles during the war, but also women as being key charactersRead MoreComparing and Contrasting the Role of Women during the Roman Empire and the Middle Ages1564 Words   |  7 PagesPart A: Plan of Investigation This investigation strives to compare and contrast of the role of women during the Roman Empire and the Middle Ages. The inquiry is significant because in order to understand the culture and ethics of the Roman Empire and the Middle Ages it is crucial to understand the importance of women. The issues that will be addressed include: the role of women in the Roman Empire, the role of women in the Middle Ages, and the similarities as well as the differences of the two majorRead MoreWomen s Roles During The Great Depression1413 Words   |  6 Pageswhite women’s social roles change from the 1920s to the Great Depression when employment and income decreased nationwide? A. Plan of Investigation The Great Depression devastated the United States, and remains the worst depression ever experienced by the nation. During the â€Å"Roaring Twenties† when the economy was thriving in the United States, women took the opportunity to improve their social statuses through enlightenment, but as this period came to an end women’s social roles began to change againRead MoreWomen During The Civil War1049 Words   |  5 PagesFor Civil War women in the 1860s it was predictable wisdom that a â€Å"woman’s place is in the home,† but the Civil War challenged this view. There were many women who played an important role in the Civil War. It is normal to think the Civil War was a man’s fight. However during the war, many women challenged the role of the women and took on different roles. While the men marched off to war, the women had to work hard and try to provide for their families. Women became doctors, spies, nurses, couriersRead MoreWhy Women Should Be D rafted and Serve in the U.S. Military during War1291 Words   |  6 PagesSection #15654 April 22, 2013 Why Women Should be Drafted and Serve in the U.S. Military during Time of War Throughout time women have gone to war along-side their male counterparts without any question as to what role they couldn’t play but rather what contributions they brought with them. History shows that women have played a vital role in military combat and have been very successful filling any role that their male equivalent has played during combat. Military women have led armies into battle,Read MoreThe Role Of Gender Roles In The Elizabethan Era1075 Words   |  5 Pagesstereotypical topic of gender roles in early history is the definition of the Elizabethan Era. Since the beginning of time females has been ranked below all male figures in status as well as a work force. Furthermore, the men were known to be the breadwinners for the family whereas the women were meant to stay at home housewife (Sharnette). Throughout history this storetype has evolved, but an average day for a male and female during the Elizabethan Era is rather contrasting. With women having little to non eRead MoreEssay American Women of World War II1120 Words   |  5 PagesBefore 1939, women were looked at as weak, incompetent and incapable of doing a man’s job. However, when World War II broke out, women were called to maintain the jobs that the men once occupied and t became evident that America’s best chance for success in World War II would have to include the efforts of American females. Women played a key role during World War II in the U.S. More than six million women took wartime jobs in factories, three million volunteered with the Red Cross, and over 200Read MoreThe Role Of Women During The Canterbury Tales By William Shakespeare And A Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1028 Words   |  5 PagesThe role of women in society has been well documented through world literature. â€Å"And the reality is that for a large bulk of human history, women have been treated as the subordinate to men and have not been given a voice†(David Splawn, 2015). Works such as The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer, Hamlet by William Shakespeare,The Education of Women by Daniel Defoe, and A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen. These works come from a wide variety of time periods, they range from the middle ages to the

Rape, Sexual, And Sexual Abuse - 1506 Words

â€Å"The word rape comes by the way of the Anglo-Norman raper from the Latin rapere, to seize by force. This definition with its emphasis on force is strikingly similar to our understanding today. Legally, the definition of rape varies by state and nation. The National Crime Victimization Survey, the most reliable source of data on this highly unreported crime, defines rape as forced sexual intercourse means vagina, anal or oral penetration by the offender(s)†¦Includes attempted rapes, male as well as female victims and both heterosexual and homosexual rape. Attempted rape includes threats of rape†. The common factor for sexual violence around the world is that which is committed by a close partner, which leads to the assumption that one of the most significant causes for people in terms of their vulnerability to sexual assault is being married or living together with a partner. There is other factors that influence the threat of sexual violence like being a female, bein g someone young, being a sex worker, having substance abuse issues, previous history of being raped or sexually abused, having multiple sex partners, being educated and economically empowered (usually sexual violence happens with intimate partner), being considered physically attractive, incarceration, and having a mental disability. Other individuals such as college students are at high risk primarily because of the heavy drinking that is a characteristic of college life. Furthermore, the National ViolenceShow MoreRelatedCampus Rape And Sexual Abuse1573 Words   |  7 PagesNovember 2014 Campus Rape For most students fresh out of high school, college provides a fresh new experience free of the restrictions present while living under your parents roof. Life on a college campus provides not only the means to develop intellectual skills that are necessary to join the workforce but also the means to become a fully functioning independent member of society. Many social traditions are common on all college campuses and one that often gets explored is sexual culture and the explorationRead MoreRape Culture And Sexual Abuse1639 Words   |  7 Pagesproblems associated with rape culture. Rape culture can be defined as â€Å"a culture in which dominant cultural ideologies, media images, social practices, and societal institutions support and condone sexual abuse by normalizing, trivializing and eroticizing male violence against women and blaming victims for their own abuse† (Huffington Post). Rape culture can be as simple as a T.V. commercial or as complex as a rapist blaming the victim for â€Å"asking for it† and everything in between. Rape culture is somethingRead MoreSexual Assault, Abuse, and Rape by College Athletes Essay3554 Words   |  15 Pages    Sexual assault, abuse, and rape by athletes is a devastating crime.   These crimes by themselves are horrendous, but when committed by athletes there are many different factors involved.   Through extensive research this paper will show contributing factors that may result in assault, abuse, or rape by athletes.   Special treatment for athletes throughout their career, belief in sexual male dominance, and the role of alcohol are all important factors.   Other crucial factors are the attitudesRead More Older Woman Essay1534 Words   |  7 PagesOlder Women - Hidden Sexual Abuse Victims Although other forms of violence within the family have received increasing attention from professionals and the media over recent years, including the physical abuse and neglect of children, child sexual abuse, and domestic violence, elder abuse remains relatively hidden. This is especially true of sexual abuse of older persons. While there are some references to stranger rapes of older women, the topic of elder sexual abuse within the family is rarelyRead MoreDomestic Violence : A Pattern Of Abusive Behavior1103 Words   |  5 Pageshousehold. Domestic violence can happen to anyone, regardless of their class, religion, ethnic background, education, age, gender, disability status, sexual orientation, gender presentation, or immigration status. The domestic violence can place in different categories, such as; emotional abuse, physical abuse, psychological abuse, sexual abuse and financial abuse. Researcher had discovered tactics that the abusers use to control their victims such as; dominance, humiliation, isolation, threats, intimidationRead MoreRape Crisis Centers For Women1704 Words   |  7 Pages Rape Crisis Centers SER 101: Kevin Garganta Pierre Sophy Fall 2016 â€Æ' Abstract This research is focused on rape crisis centers for women who have been sexually abused or raped. Some survivors of rape and sexual abuse require the assistance of rape crisis centers to try and gain back control of their lives. Some women may require long-term counseling as a result whereas others do no. Whichever the case, with such a high number of survivors, the help must remain readily available. Read MoreEssay on Sexual Abuse on Women1250 Words   |  5 PagesSexual abuse, also known as sexual assault, is any sort of sexual activity that one doesn’t agree to which includes, inappropriate touching, vaginal, anal, or oral penetration, sexual intercourse that one says no to, rape, attempted rape, as well as child molestation. Sexual abuse is usually verbal or visual. It can also be anything that forces a person to be in unwanted sexual contact. There are many examples of sexual abuse like voyeurism, exhibitionism, incest, and sexual harassment. VoyeurismRead MoreRape And Sexual Assault Of The United States1453 Words   |  6 Pagesdefinitions of rape as well as sexual assault over the years there Have been many definitions floating around. The most recent and most accurate definition For the two are very in depth for instance sexual assault id defined as any type of sexual contact Or a certain behavior that occurs without blatant consent. Crimes such as this involve (Forced Intercourse, forcible sodomy, child molestation, incest, fondling, and attempted rape). Rape is defined as unlawful intercourse or any other sexual penetrationRead MoreSexual Assault And Sexual Abuse978 Words   |  4 PagesSexual assault  is any type of  sexual  contact or behavior that occurs without the explicit consent of the recipient. Falling under the definition of  sexual assault  are  sexual  activities such as forced  sexual  intercourse forcible sodomy child molestation fondling attempted rape The Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act was passed in the United States, and its definition of who might be covered under the law included sexual abuse. 1 In 6 Women in the united states and 1 in 33 men have experiencedRead MoreRape Among Americans : Rape1220 Words   |  5 PagesRape Among Americans Rape is a violent crime that involves forcing sexual acts on a person. Sexual assault is a serious problem and should be stopped. It can happen to anyone: no one is safe. Every one out of six Americans are raped each year. This includes men,women,and children. Some people believe that rape isn’t a prominent problem, but statistics show it occurs more frequently than we could ever imagine. Rape and its forms Although it all falls under the general topic of rape, there are different

Objections and Rebuttals Free Essays

Objections and Rebuttals Whenever a customer has an objection to the offer or price, the problem is not that offer or the price it is actually that we as advocates have failed to build enough value in the product to justify the price. So in actuality the reason for the objection more often than not is that the customer is telling us that they are not willing to pay $19. 95/$24. We will write a custom essay sample on Objections and Rebuttals or any similar topic only for you Order Now 99 at this moment. The best way to combat this is to use an intelligent and informed rebuttal, do this by keeping the conversation going don’t get flustered or aggravated Listen Think Respond. Show empathy with the customer let them know you are here to solve their problem, remember we have to make the customers objections seem miniscule and offer a reasonable solution to get the sale. DO NOT LET AN OBJECTION TURN INTO A VERBAL BATTLE BETWEEN YOU AND THE CUSTOMER, YOU WILL LOOSE. How to address an objection: Step 1 – Cushion the objection by saying, â€Å" I totally understand but†¦ † Step 2 – Question the objection. I know this is a hurdle for some of us but we have to be confident remember these customers called us for a solution. Use what they revealed in the probing and call them out on it. Step 3 – Build more value tie the benefits directly to the objection. Again remind them why they called Paint a Picture for the customer help them visualize the results. Step 4 – Close. Don’t wait after making a relevant rebuttal that makes purchasing the product today logical ask for the sale. Now lets explore some common objections and rebuttals for those objections. Objection: â€Å"I don’t have a credit card! † Rebuttal: â€Å"I totally understand, many people don’t use credit cards. This is when we need to go back to the hot button, remind the customer of their answers to your probing questions. Build value by tying the benefits directly to their reason for calling. This is were we need to make an affirmative statement â€Å"If I can guarantee you that for $19. 95/$24. 99 Proactiv would finally get rid of your acne or you get a full refund of the purchase price don’t you agree that that would be a full-proof investment? It’s a win win situation you can’t loose with this offer. If the customer still says they don’t have a card we have to give them every option available such as â€Å"Is there someone there that understands what your going through that could let you use their card and you could give them the cash? † or â€Å"Is there someone that you can call to help you out with this I don’t mind holding while we figure this out? † This particular objection can seem tough at first again DONT GET FRUSTRATED display your dedication in finding a solution for the customer. Objection: â€Å"I’m going to think about it† this particular objection should make our blood boil. What’s to think about after talking to a knowledgeable advocate such as yourself, Right? Rebuttal: â€Å" I totally understand but don’t you agree that the best way to think about this product is to actually use it in your home and get real time results, because that is exactly what this Risk-Free promotion is about† or â€Å"I totally understand but let’s be honest with ourselves are you really going to go home and think about having clear skin? We all know life is hectic and putting this off will only make that clear and healthy skin be further out of your reach we are halfway there its time to take control† remember some of these customers are very indecisive we need to be the deciding factor in the phone call and we do this by displaying confidence in our rebuttals. Objection: â€Å"I need to talk to† this is usually just the customer backing out Rebuttal: â€Å"I totally understand but that is why we have the Risk-Free trial so there are no strings attached , if you thought enough of this person(or yourself) to call then I am positive that this is the solution for them/you the results will speak for itself† Objection: â€Å"I will call back† this one you have to do additional probing WHY do they need to call back Rebuttal: â€Å"May I ask why you would need to call back† it will most likely turn into another objection , at this point we need to build more value and create urgency in ordering today. Objection: â€Å"I thought it was FREE† this is the one we get the most do not get frustrated Rebuttal: Agree with the free â€Å"I totally understand the commercial does mention free gifts, and you are going to be receiving some really great free gifts today $35 worth in fact. But we give these free gifts to you when you purchase the Risk-Free trial, we simply want to prove to you how great Proactiv will work for you and what a difference it will make in your life. † Objection: â€Å"I’m driving and I cannot get to my card at the moment† we need to make this seem very miniscule Rebuttal: â€Å" I totally understand and honestly your calling off our radio add and 80% of our callers are calling in while driving, not a problem happens all the time. I’m willing to wait until you get to a safe spot or stop because I can tell your really interested and we can get that part done and it will take less then a minute† Then go on talking to the customer, if you have not received the address info do this first and take your time. If you have already took the address info then talk with the customer a little bit waiting 3 to 5 min is totally worth the sale Now not all of these rebuttals will work like magic and some of them you will have to do some improvising to tailor to your particular call. The key is not to give in until every option has been explored. Remember we want the customer to USE Proactiv and if it does not give them the results they are looking for then that is why we have the MBG. Let the customer know that the reason we have the MBG is because â€Å"We are so confident that this product will absolutely work for you that we just want to prove that and give you the clear healthy skin you deserve† Also after an objection the rebuttal should include some other values that have not previously been stated to entice the customer to buy instead of repeating what the customer has already heard. Ex. if the customer was already not aware that Proactiv is #1, its also great skin care system, they will always receive free gifts, mix and match, always have a MBG if that is a concern, able to get a hold of us 2 diff. ays to answer any questions and concerns, customizable accounts, free rush, upsells at $5 each, catalog has 25% discount off retail price,  Proactiv’s Micro Crystals are exclusively with us, Proactiv was the first acne treatment with 3 steps â€Å"Combination Therapy† etc.. Some of these can be used in the presentation to boost confidence and show great value before going into offer and also using the V/P/V (Value price Value) format. If we can do a great job with the presentation this will cut out some of those objections and make that price seem smaller, making an easy and quick sale. How to cite Objections and Rebuttals, Papers

The effect of speed on braking distance Essay Example

The effect of speed on braking distance Essay Speed is the travelled distance for every moment/unit of a set time. Speed, distance and time are all related with each other, shown in the following equation, which can be rearranged to find the formula of each measurement:Speed (m/s) = Distance (m) à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Time(s)The braking distance of an object is the distance it takes to slow the object down, until it is has stopped (stationary). The object will only become stationary when the driving force is being counter-forced, for example friction and air resistance.The kinetic energy of an object is the energy it gains due to its motion. The equation for kinetic energy is:What factors can affect the braking distance of an object?Well there are 3 main factors that affect the braking distance of an object:The height from which the object is releasedThis can affect the braking distance as the higher the object is when it is released, the greater its original GPE. As the object continues downwards, its GPE decreases, and its kinetic energ y increases by the same amount of gravitation potential energy lost. Yet still, the increase in kinetic energy is never exactly equal to the amount of GPE lost, as friction and air resistance (the forces acting on the object) transfer some of this energy into heat and sound.The surface the object is travelling onThis can affect the braking as different surfaces have a varying amount of resistance force (friction.) E.g., ice is more slippery than a rough surface because it is very smooth, and therefore exerts less friction on the object travelling on it. The friction force gradually converts the kinetic energy of the moving object into different forms of energy such as sound and heat, until the objects kinetic energy is reduced to zero hence why it always stops eventually. The longer it takes for the object to have its kinetic energy reduced to zero, the longer the braking distance.The mass of the objectThis can affect an objects breaking distance because if the mass of an object is doubled, its kinetic energy will be increased, and as a result more work will need to be done by the resisting surface to convert the objects kinetic energy into other forms of energy in order to stop it.In this experiment, I will be investigating the effect of a balls speed on its breaking distance. I will be dropping the ball from certain distances along a ramp, which is positioned at a certain height along the clamp-stand. As well as that I will also be using a carpet as I will need to slow the ball down as it travels down the ramp.MethodThere are numerous methods to measure the speed of the ball as it travels from the ramp and onto the carpet. These are the two methods that I have used during the Preliminary in order to test out which is better, and why. The following table lists both its advantages and disadvantages, of the methods, and also have brief description about each one.The table below lists the advantages and disadvantages of possible methods, and describes how they are to be carried out.NameDescriptionAdvantagesDisadvantagesStopwatchMeasure the time taken for the ball to leave the ramp when travelling on the carpet. Use the dropping distance (measured on the ramp) and the time taken to calculate the speed using the speed/time/distance formula.This is a very quick method, which is easy to execute.The stopwatch isnt very accurate; as it is very hard to know when exactly where the ball has moved along the ramp, and thus can cause confusion as one person may begin the timing of the stopwatch at a different point than when another person would tell them to, hence having an effect on the results.Light-gateConnect a light-gate device to a computer, and place it where ever you want to position it in order to calculate the balls speed, works by using a laser beam as a light sensor detecting how fast the ball is going.This method is very precise and accurate as the results itself can be displayed on the computer, as a graph or a table. So precise even t hat it can go up to six decimal places. As it being on a computer, it is easier to notice any trends or patterns in the graph/table. Also easier to transfer data across (USB)As the Light-gate is very accurate it can be a pain when setting up as the light-gate would need to be in the right place as it would cause a great effect on the results resulting in the unreliability of the results.As a result of this analysis of the methods, I decided to use the more proven and more accurate and reliable method, the Light-Gate. This is because it will be easier to record, less hassle, more time to work on the experiment as it will be very quick and easy to do, and will be easier create graphs and tables, and make conclusions from the data as it will be easier to spot any trends.The Equipment Needed.* Light-gate device* Computer/Laptop (preferably a Laptop)* Ramp* Clamp x2* Clamp Stand x2* Metre Stick(s) (depends on how far the stopping distance is)* Carpet (depends on results of Preliminary)* Ball (also depends on results of Preliminary)Here is a diagram of how it should look:Step-by-step Method1. Connect the clamp to the clamp-stand.2. Mark out regular-distance intervals along the ramp, using the metre-stick as a guide.3. Connect the ramp to the clamp, at a certain height along the stand.4. Lay the chosen carpet on the table, smoothing out any bumps.5. Position the ramp on the carpet, so that the two overlap each other at the edges.6. Connect the light-gate to the laptop.7. Place the connected light-gate in front of where the ramp overlaps the carpet.8. Place the metre-sticks horizontally along the carpet, placing the 0cm mark at the point where the ramp light gate is.9. Position the chosen ball(s) at a certain distance along the ramp (at the appropriate distance-interval)10. Release the ball, letting it travel down the ramp and onto the carpet.11. Ensure the light-gate is recording the speed of the ball.12. Measure the stopping distance of the ball on the carpet using the metre-stick. (Use a second metre-stick if the stopping distance exceeded 100cm.) (place the metre stick along the carpet aligned to the light gate)13. Repeat Steps 11 to 13 five times, re-setting the light-gate before each further trial.14. Repeat steps 10 to 14 for each distance-interval along the ramp. (All distance-intervals need to have a trial and five further repeats before continuing on to Step 16.Safety Procedures* The Apparatus shouldnt be ANY WHERE near the Computer or Laptop, as the rolling ball might causes damage to it* Clear out the space that you are using from anything, from bags to books.* No water anywhere, in fear of damage to equipment (laptops, Light gate etc.)PreliminaryBefore even doing the real experiment, we needed to make sure what equipment we were going to use in the real experiment, and so we decided to test out the equipment and to familiarize myself with the equipment to then use in the investigation. E.g. Using the Laptop correctly, prevent mistak es to happen in the real investigation. As well as that I need to ensure that the equipment that Ill be using in the investigation will be the most accurate and most reliable ones.Instead of just the equipment, I will be also testing out the:* Type of ball (golf, marble, small silver, etc.)* Type of Carpet* Ramp heightsThis I will be testing on as, I will need to know which will produce a good batch of reliable results, from which a Speed against stopping distance graph could be drawn from.The reason why Ill be testing the different ramp heights is that in order to get the best results, I will need to know what height the ramp should be as, if too high then the ball will travel too quickly/far, and vice versa. This is because the greater the height of the ramp, the greater the GPE and therefore its Kinetic Energy.The reason why Ill be testing different types of carpet, as Ill need to find out which carpet will be the best one to use, as Ill need a carpet that allows the ball to trav el a good distance on the carpet before stopping. But a bad carpet will allow the ball to go too fast/slow.Preliminary ResultsChoosing which ball to use:Small metal ball Rolled of the CarpetMedium metal ball Stopped in the carpet went straightGolf ball Curved a little on the carpetSquash ball Curved a lotFrom these results, we decided to use the medium metal ball as it was the only ball that went straight.Choosing which method to use:Firstly, we carried out a test using the stopwatch method as a way to measure the speed of the ball; we also changed the height of the ramp to increase/decrease the speed of the ball. After numerous trials, we relised that moving the ramp up and down was harder, more time-consuming and was less accurate. Using the stopwatch to workout the speed was also a very long process as we had to work out the time takenBased on the results from the Preliminary, we chose to use:* The golf ball and the marble (to compare with each other in graphs)* The light gate m ethod* Height of 15cm of the ramp* The orange carpet* Drop the ball from different points on the ramp from 10cm-90cm (this was good range as we needed a good range of results in the graph)Results Table60mReadingSpeedDistancem/smm10.8250844520.8333343530.8250845040.8389345450.8278145050mReadingSpeedDistancem/smm10.7163334320.7022527730.7102332040.7122532050.7225434840mReadingSpeedDistancem/smm10.7246432520.7418428030.7462733140.7374629350.7530131990mReadingSpeedDistancem/smm11.1210873021.106271931.1261376041.1160774951.1261372380mReadingSpeedDistancem/smm11.0548564621.0416764431.0416767641.0460365851.0416765970mReadingSpeedDistancem/smm10.9469756420.9505757030.943456940.9469758150.95057581Height Dropped (cm)Average Speed (m/s)Average Distance (mm)900.2341800.46134700.61219600.74310500.71322400.83447300.95573201.05657101.1273630mReadingSpeedDistancem/smm10.5952421220.6234421430.606820640.5952422450.6265724020mReadingSpeedDistancem/smm10.4553713720.456213330.4496413740.4664213150.46041 13410mReadingSpeedDistancem/smm10.248023920.225434030.238324040.229574350.2175843MARBLE RESULTSDiameter =1.6cmWeight = 4.2g (1d.p)Height Dropped (cm)Average Speed (m/s)Average Distance (mm)901.221080801.11926701.04791600.94659500.83538400.71416300.61312200.48200100.3093GOLF BALL RESULTSDiameter = 4.2cmWeight = 45.7g (1d.p)90 cmReadingSpeedDistancem/smm11.20413103021.22893109031.22893111041.24055112051.18243105030 cmReadingSpeedDistancem/smm10.5933529720.6093331530.6156231440.6031731550.6082031920 cmReadingSpeedDistancem/smm10.4821820520.4879220630.4605318740.4717819850.4800720410 cmReadingSpeedDistancem/smm10.307529420.297489330.287079240.296689450.294029440 cmReadingSpeedDistancem/smm10.7133241620.7172141230.71141040.6951841150.7219542950 cmReadingSpeedDistancem/smm10.828653420.8317553030.8567256340.823453050.8317553160 cmReadingSpeedDistancem/smm10.924362720.9483462830.9442467640.9415467850.9483468470 cmReadingSpeedDistancem/smm11.0253978521.0400280531.0466578741.02776551.05676811 80 cmReadingSpeedDistancem/smm11.1295295321.1141892631.0901288641.1160793451.1218932AnalysisIn this experiment, I am investigating the effect of a balls speed on its breaking distance. But in we need to be able to understand what is going on as the ball is released from the ramp and when it stops. I will try to explain this scientifically.EvaluationProblems I encountered while carrying out the experiment:How I would improve the experiment if I did it again:As the light gate needed to be at the correct place in order to get a good set of results, it wasnt always at the same place thus affecting the results.Leave it at the same place, or leave a mark so we know where we put it.When a heavy ball would roll on the plastic ramp (Golf ball), the ramp would bend, thus decreasing the speed of the ball greatlyUse a rigid material e.g. Iron, as it would not bend.The ball not travelling straight meaning the distance is decreased. (e.g. it would go diagonal)Although I managed to obtain a good s et of results from carrying out the experiment, there were several difficulties in trying to collect valid and reliable data. The following table describes the problems I encountered while carrying out the experiment, and suggestions on how I would improve the experiment if I had to repeat it.Confidence on the ConclusionOn the whole, I am quite confident with my conclusion. I attained a set of results which strongly suggested that speed of the ball had the effect on the balls breaking distance. Although, as most of the graphs show, many of the range bars are a bit large, meaning that the results are not very reliable as there is a large scatter of data, perhaps this was because of the ramp bent as the ball rolled on or that the light gate wasnt positioned correctly at that time, justifying the reason why its results was so scattered.Throughout the experiment, I had obtained many outliers in my results, as shown by the 2 Tables. These may have occurred because of any of the following reasons:* On some repeats, the position of the light gate wasnt in the same place as other repeats or therefore makingDespite these outliers, the majority of the averages were close to or on the curve of best fit, so after eliminating outliers, the results were reliable on the whole.